Kodi mankhwala opewa kuwala ndi chiyani?

Mankhwala oletsa kuwala nthawi zambiri amatanthauza mankhwala omwe amayenera kusungidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito mumdima, chifukwa kuwala kudzafulumizitsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni a mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuchititsa kuwonongeka kwa photochemical, komwe sikungochepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwala, komanso kumapanga kusintha kwa mtundu ndi mvula, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri khalidwe la mankhwala, ndipo ngakhale zikhoza kuonjezera poizoni wa mankhwala. Mankhwala oletsa kuwala amagawidwa makamaka m’magulu apadera oletsa kuwala, mankhwala oletsa kuwala, a kalasi yachiwiri osapunthwa, ndi amtundu wachitatu osawona kuwala.

1. Special kalasi kuwala umboni mankhwala: makamaka sodium nitroprusside, nifedipine ndi mankhwala ena, makamaka sodium nitroprusside, amene ali osauka bata. Ndikofunikiranso kugwiritsa ntchito ma syringe owonetsa kuwala, machubu olowetsera, kapena zojambulazo za aluminiyamu za opaque panthawi ya kulowetsedwa. Ngati zinthuzo zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kukulunga syringe, ngati kuwala kwawonongeka kukhala zinthu zakuda, lalanje kapena buluu, ziyenera kulemala panthawiyi;

2. Mankhwala opewera kuwala koyambirira: makamaka amaphatikiza maantibayotiki a fluoroquinolone monga levofloxacin hydrochloride ndi gatifloxacin, komanso mankhwala monga amphotericin B ndi doxorubicin. Maantibayotiki a Fluoroquinolone amayenera kupewa kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa komanso cheza chochita kupanga cha ultraviolet kuti apewe kuchitika kwa photosensitivity ndi kawopsedwe. Mwachitsanzo, levofloxacin hydrochloride angayambitse osowa phototoxic zochita (zochitika<0.1%). Ngati phototoxic zimachitikira, mankhwala ayenera anasiya;

3. Secondary kuwala-kupewa mankhwala: kuphatikizapo nimodipine ndi mankhwala ena antihypertensive, promethazine ndi antihistamines ena, chlorpromazine ndi mankhwala ena antipsychotic, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, cytarabine Anti-chotupa mankhwala, komanso mavitamini sungunuka madzi, epinephrine, dopamine mu mdima mankhwala, morphine ayenera kusungidwa mwamsanga ndi kusungidwa mankhwala. makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi hydrolysis;

4. Mankhwala apamwamba oteteza kuwala: monga mavitamini osungunuka ndi mafuta, methylcobalamin, hydrocortisone, prednisone, furosemide, reserpine, procaine hydrochloride, pantoprazole sodium, etoposide, Mankhwala monga docetaxel, ondansetron, ndi nitroglycerin onse amakhudzidwa ndi kuwala ndipo amasungidwa mumdima.